A team from the university's school of computing will carry out the three-year study with colleagues in Edinburgh.
Evidence suggests changes to veins and arteries in the eye could be linked to diseases including stroke and cardiovascular disease.
The team will study if this could act as an "early warning" of Alzheimer's.
The new study uses specially-developed computer software to analyse high-definition images of the eye from multiple instruments to establish whether such changes in the eye could act as an early indicator of Alzheimer's disease.
Emanuele Trucco, professor of computational vision at the school of computing, is leading the project.
He said: "If you can look into someone's eyes using an inexpensive machine and discover something which may suggest a risk of developing dementia, then that's a very interesting proposition.
"There is the promise of early warning in a non-invasive way and there is also the fact that we even might be able to use the test to differentiate between different types of dementia."
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