Half of people with lung cancer die within six months of diagnosis, says a report from Macmillan Cancer Support which looked at variations in cancer survival rates.
While breast cancer and prostate cancer have a five-year survival rate of more than 80%, lung cancer's is around 10%.
Those who survive lung cancer for five years are then 10 times more likely to get another cancer.
Macmillan said improving early diagnosis was key.
In their report, the cancer charity carried out an analysis of almost 85,000 cancer patients' experiences of the NHS in England from 2004 to 2011.
The research showed that one in five (20%) women with breast cancer and one in four (25%) men with prostate cancer survived for at least seven years after diagnosis in good health.
But the picture was significantly worse for people with lung cancer, or the most common form of brain cancer, of whom less than 1% survived long-term and in good health.
The report suggests that one in five people with lung cancer die within one month of being diagnosed and 73% die within one year.
Most cases of lung cancer are related to smoking, which is the biggest risk factor for the disease.
Although rates of lung cancer are decreasing in men, they are rising in women because of the number of women who continued to smoke during the post-war period and into the 1970s.
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